Fire Precautions

When it comes to fires, never take a chance. Always build them in a safe place (away from tinder of any kind) and use a fireplace or fire grate if one is available. Clear the ground in the immediate area so wind cannot blow sparks into dry leaves or grass, keep your fire small, and never leave it unattended. Throw used matches into the fire, and always have a pot of water or sand next to your campfire or stove. Don't build fires when you're alone. When you are finished with your fire, be sure it is out cold - you should be able to touch it with your bare hands. Never cook in your tent or a poorly ventilated space.

Minimum-Impact Camping & Hiking

The little extra effort it takes to use the parks responsibly goes a long way toward ensuring the future of North Americas natural beauty. Do not leave garbage on trails or in campgrounds. If yon hike in the backcountry, carry out what you've carried in, including all your trash. Bury human waste at least 100 feet from any trail, campsite, or water source in a hole at least 8 inches deep; some parks and many environmental organizations advocate packing out even human waste. Do not wash dishes or clothing in lakes and streams. If you must use soap, make sure it is biodegradable, and carry water in clean containers 100 feet away from its source before using it for cleaning.

In national parks that include dunes and barrier islands, walk on marked pedestrian paths. Over time, climbing on the dunes causes erosion and weakens the primary dime system. Never pick dune grasses, which also help ensure the preservation of the dunes.

Pets in the Parks

Generally, pets are allowed only in parks' developed areas, including drive-in campgrounds and picnic areas, but they must be kept on a leash at all times. With the exception of guide or service dogs, pets are not allowed inside building, on most trails, on beaches, or in the back-country. They also may be prohibited in areas controlled by concessionaires. Some parks have kennels, which charge a small daily fee. Be sure to inquire about restrictions on pets before leaving home.

Respecting Wildlife

Have respect for the creatures you encounter: Never sneak up on them, don't disturb nests and other habitats, and don't touch animals or try to remove them from their habitat, even for the sake of a photograph. Never stand between animal parents and their young, and never surround an animal or group of animals. To help protect endangered species, report any sightings.

Volunteering

Air pollution, acid rain, wildlife poaching, and encroaching development are among the threats to Americas national parks. These problems are being addressed by the National Park Service, but you can help by donating time or money. The National Park Service's Volunteers in the Parks program welcomes volunteers to do anything from paperwork to lecturing on environmental issues. To participate, you must apply to the park where you would like to work, or visit the Web site at www.nps.gov/volunteer. To make a donation, contact the National Park Foundation, the official charitable partner of the National Park Service (1201 Eye Street NW, Suite 55011. Washington DC, 20005, tel. 202/354-6460, fax 202/371-2066, ww.nationalparks.org).

On the Web

The Well site of the National Park Service, www.nps.gov, has complete information about each park. The National Park Foundation's site, www.nationalparks.org, can also greatly enhance your experience. You can learn about National Park Foundation programs, find out how you can give something back to the parks, and buy an annual parks pass. In addition, in the site's Insider Opinions section, you can trade park tips with other travelers.

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