Author Q&A: Part 2

Mountains Beyond Mountains: The Quest of Dr. Paul Farmer, a Man Who Would Cure the World
by Tracy Kidder

(Page 4 of 4)

Q: In your travels with Farmer, what most surprised and interested you? Did you learn something from the experience?

A: The thing about travel with Farmer is that you don't visit the brochure sights. His itinerary is pretty much restricted to visiting hospitals, slums, and prisons. The dreadful places of the world. I hadn't imagined that there were so many of those, and I hadn't known just how dreadful they were. But the trips weren't dreary and depressing, because Farmer and his colleagues were doing something tangible, something meaningful, something that was actually improving those places. This was especially true in Haiti and Peru. I'd say that I learned two things above all. That medicine and public health are a powerful lens for looking at the world. And that a small group of determined people can actually alter some of the pictures seen through that lens. I think that as a very young man Farmer chose to work in one of the most impoverished parts of Haiti because he was moved by the suffering he saw there. But if he'd wanted to prove a point about what is possible in public health, he couldn't have chosen a better site. If you can do a good thing in central Haiti, it stands to reason that you can do it anywhere. And what he and his friends have done and are doing in Haiti - and elsewhere - is nothing short of remarkable.

Q: Has your life or outlook about life changed as a result of spenind time with Farmer and writing this book?

A: One of my favorite characters in this book is a woman named Ophelia Dahl. She met Paul Farmer when she was 18 and he was 23. She told me that she remembered, from many years ago, deciding that Farmer was an important person to believe in. Not as a figure to watch from a distance, thinking, Oh, look, there is good in the world. Not as a comforting example, but the opposite. As proof that it was possible to put up a fight. As a goad to make others realize that if people could be kept from dying unnecessarily - from what Haitians call "stupid deaths" - then one had to act. I don't plan to give away all my worldly goods and go to work with Farmer in Haiti. For one thing, I'd just get in the way. But I can't tell myself anymore that the great problems of the world, such as the AIDS and TB epidemics, are beyond all hope of amelioration, or of repair. In other words, I don't think I can feel comfortable anymore in this world, by resigning myself to despair on behalf of billions of other people. There's always something one can do.

It's not my place to make a fund-raising pitch for Farmer and his organization, Partners In Health. Well, actually, I don't know why it isn't my place. I happened onto something remarkable and I sat down to try to describe it to others. I hope what I've written is artful. I believe it is at least accurate and truthful. And one true fact is that Farmer's organization, Partners In Health, represents a real antidote to despair. A person with a little money to give away can send it to Partners In Health and be certain that it will be used well. 95 percent of the money that's donated to Partners In Health goes to pay for direct services to people who are both desitute and sick - in Boston, in Russia, in Chiapas, in Peru, and especially in Haiti, where the poorest and the sickest people in our hemisphere reside. A donation to Partners In Health of, say, $200 will save an impoverished Haitian from dying a horrible death from tuberculosis.

Q: How does this book differ from your other projects?

A: Well, for one thing this book has a pretty large geographical spread, whereas all my previous books are set in New England. And all the others are about what might be called "ordinary people." Of course, no one is ordinary. But Farmer is less ordinary than anyone I've ever met. This is the main reason I wrote this book in the first person, something I'd done in only one other book. After I'd spent a lot of time with Farmer, I began to feel that altruism was plausible after all, indeed maybe even normal. But the sacrifices he's made aren't usual, and I knew that readers of my book would need an everyman, someone a lot less virtuous than Farmer, to interpret him and to make him believable. Someone to testify, in effect, that this guy is for real, and someone who could register the occasional discomfort that anyone would feel in such a person's company. Finally, although I like to think that the subjects I've written about in my other books are important, I don't think there's much question but that the subject of this book is more important. After all, what it's about at bottom is the attempt of one small group of people to heal a sick world.

Q: Farmer doesn't work alone. He is surrounded by some extraordinary people. Can you tell us a little about some of them?

A: There are more than a thousand people working for Partners In Health these days. They range from Haitian peasants who have been trained as community health workers to extremely bright young American epidemiologists, medical students, and doctors, who have enlisted to work in places such as central Haiti and Siberia and the slums of Lima, Peru - some of them work for nothing, some earn much less than they could elsewhere and some raise their own salaries through grants. Ophelia Dahl has been involved in Farmer's work from the start, and she's a crucial member of Partners In Health, the manager, the peacekeeper. She's a warm and charming person, and she knows how to manage Farmer and Farmer's colleague, Jim Yong Kim. Kim is, like Farmer, a Brigham doctor. He joined up only a few months after Partners In Health was founded. He's brilliant, an inspiring speaker, a fountain of ideas, and indefatigable.

Finally, and maybe most important, there's a man named Tom White. He built a small family business into one of the largest heavy construction firms in Boston. He and Farmer met when Farmer was still a doctor in training. He founded Partners In Health along with Farmer and until recently provided most of the money for its projects, millions and millions of dollars over the past 20 years. White is in his eighties now, and has given away almost all of his large fortune. He told me once, "Sometimes I think how much money I used to have before I met Paul and Jim. But that's all right. If I go to a restaurant and they give me a steak, I can only eat half of it anymore." He plans, he told me, to leave this life without a nickel. I think it's accurate to say that White has lifted death sentences from thousands of people, and the organization, the movement, that he helped to start may in the end save millions.

Copyright © 2003 by Tracy Kidder.

About the Author

Tracy Kidder graduated from Harvard, studied at the University of Iowa, and served as an army officer in Vietnam. He has won the Pulitzer Prize, the National Book Award, the Robert F. Kennedy Award, and many other literary prizes. He lives in Massachusetts and Maine.