Cancer

Cancer: Innovative Approaches
by National Cancer Institute
POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM of cancer seem limited only by the imagination. In some promising new therapies, the body's internal weapons are trained on cancerous growths. In other treatments, no less a powerful element than light is employed

The Cancer - Chromosome Connection
by National Cancer Institute
TECHNIQUES FOR STAINING DNA grew steadily more sophisticated, molecular biology and molecular genetics advanced, and scientists made great leaps in establishing the link between chromosomes, the genes they carry, and cancer.

New Means for Studying Cancer
by National Cancer Institute
BY USING TRANSGENIC ANIMALS, the role of specific cancer-causing oncogenes and tumor progression factors are studied. Researchers have shown that some oncogenes can be moved into specific animal tissues under certain conditions and produce cancer.

Cancer: Genetic Engineering and Other Contemporary Technologies
by National Cancer Institute
OVER THE PAST DECADE AND A HALF, scientific discoveries have combined to create entirely new technologies such as genetic engineering and production of synthetic antibodies. Cancer research has been both a source and a recipient of much of this progress.

Cancer: Molecular Biology Comes of Age
by National Cancer Institute
Molecular biology-the study of living systems at the molecular level-revolutionized both medicine and cancer research. The opening volley of that revolution was sounded in 1953 when James Watson and Francis Crick unveiled their model of the structure

Cancer: Advanced in Psychology and Biochemistry
by National Cancer Institute
FROM 1900 TO WORLD WAR II, great strides were made in understanding the structures, functions and chemistry of living organisms. Drugs to combat infectious diseases were developed, and x-rays were used to diagnose and treat illnesses.

Cancer: Invention of the Microscope
by National Cancer Institute
A DUTCH EYEGLASS MAKER, Johannes Jansen, and his son Zacharias are credited with inventing the microscope c.1590 and the telescope in 1608. The Jansen microscope was rapidly put to work by 17th-century researchers throughout Europe who investigated

Cancer: Medieval Medicine: Greece and Rome Revisited
by National Cancer Institute
AFTER THE FALL OF ROME, Constantinople became the intellectual storehouse of civilization. From there, in Arabic translations, classic Greek and Roman texts made their way back through Europe.

Closing In On Cancer: Solving a 5000-Year-Old Mystery
by National Cancer Institute
Cancer, as an illness of man, has been described in the history of medicine since the earliest medical records were kept. This booklet traces the interwoven histories of science, medicine, and cancer from ancient Egypt to the present.

Cancer Chemoprevention
by National Cancer Institute
Chemoprevention is the use of natural or synthetic substances to reduce the risk of developing cancer, or to reduce the chance that cancer will recur (come back).

Cancer Frequently Asked Questions
by National Cancer Institute
The survival rate for many types of cancer has improved in recent years; however, cancer is still the second leading cause of death in the United States. Cancer occurs when cells continue to grow and divide and do not die when they should.

Cancer: Interpreting Changes in Relative Survival Over Time
by National Cancer Institute
Increases in survival over time, however, even when based on data from tumor registries, such as SEER that include all cases in a given population, are difficult to interpret.

Cancer Screening
by National Cancer Institute
Several potential harms must be considered against any potential benefit of screening for cancer. Although most cancer screening tests are noninvasive or minimally invasive, some involve small risks of serious complications that may be immediate

Cancer Clusters, Part 2
by National Cancer Institute
Epidemiologists must also consider that a confirmed cancer cluster may not be the result of any single, external cause or hazard. A cancer cluster could be the result of chance, an error in the calculation of the expected number of cancer cases

Cancer Clusters
by National Cancer Institute
Cancer clusters may be suspected when people report that several family members, friends, neighbors, or coworkers have been diagnosed with the same or related cancer. Some amount of clustering may occur simply by chance.

Cancer: What is biological therapy?
by National Cancer Institute
Biological therapy is a type of treatment that works with your immune system. It can help fight cancer or help control side effects (how your body reacts to the drugs you are taking) from other cancer treatments like chemotherapy.

Bevacizumab (Avastin) for Treatment of Solid Tumors
by National Cancer Institute
Bevacizumab (Avastin) was the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved biological therapy designed to inhibit the formation of new blood vessels

Cancer: Access to Investigational Drugs, Part 2
by National Cancer Institute
Patients who do not meet the eligibility criteria for a clinical trial of an investigational drug may be eligible to receive the drug under a mechanism known as a special exception or a compassionate exemption to the policy of administering

Cancer: Access to Investigational Drugs
by National Cancer Institute
An investigational drug is one that is under study and is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for sale in the United States. The most common way patients receive investigational drugs is by taking part in clinical trials.

Oral Contraceptives and Cancer, Part 2
by National Cancer Institute
Studies have consistently shown that using OCs reduces the risk of ovarian cancer. In a 1992 analysis of 20 studies of OC use and ovarian cancer, researchers from Harvard Medical School found that the risk of ovarian cancer decreased with increasing